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TOP
OF THE SHELF
Designing for Equality: Best Fit, Medium Fit and Non-Favourable
Combinations of Electoral Systems and Gende Quotas, IDEA (2007)
Today, the average
proportion of women members of parliaments stands at a mere 17.2 per
cent. Only 19 countries in the world have achieved the goal of 30+
per cent women’s representation in national legislatures, a goal
which was adopted by the Beijing Process in 1995. There are two
important variables that affect women’s political representation:
the electoral system and the use of quotas for women. Combined in
different ways, these variables have different results on women’s
participation. Download the paper
here.
Gender and Governance: Reviewing the Women's Agenda in the National
Common Minimum Programme, Wada Na Todo Abhiyan (2007)
Wada Na Todo Abhiyan (Keep Your Promise Campaign)
is a national initiative to
hold the government accountable to its promise to end Poverty,
Social Exclusion & Discrimination. This campaign emerged from the
consensus among human rights activists and social action groups who
were part of the World Social Forum 2004 (Mumbai) on the need for a
forceful, focused and concerted effort to make a difference to the
fact that one-fourth of the world’s poor live in India, and continue
to experience intense deprivation from opportunities to learn, live
and work in dignity. Wada Na Todo Abhiyan works to ensure
that the concerns and aspirations of Dalits, Adivasis, Denotified &
Nomadic Tribes, Women, Children, Youth, the Differently Abled and
People Living with HIV-AIDS are mainstreamed across programs,
policies and development goals of the government.
Gender Mentoring: A Guide for Strengthening Equality in Communities
(2006)
This guide aims to
strengthen equality in communities by giving guidance for gender
mentoring. It examines the nature of gender and gender equality and
analyses power relations within the society. It examines what is
needed for gender monitoring and distinguishes between seven (7)
steps: securing leadership commitment, conducting a gender audit,
gender policy formulation, gender analysis tools, mainstreaming
gender in organization, gender sensitive indicators and
identification of obstacles and constraints.
From Margins to
Mainstream, From Gender Statistics to Engendering Statistical
Systems, Lorraine Corner (2006)
Much of the general agreement today that exists
on the definition of gender statistics derives from the leading role
played by Statistics Sweden in promoting gender statistics
nationally and in promoting the development of gender statistics
globally through technical support funded through the Swedish
development assistance agency SIDA and its collaboration with other
national statistics bodies in the Nordic countries and the Economic
Committee for Europe (ECE). Most sources agree on three primary
requirements for gender statistics: 1) all statistics on individuals
should be collected, collated and presented disaggregated by sex; 2)
all variables and characteristics should be analyzed by and
presented with sex as a primary and overall classification; 3)
specific efforts should be made to identify gender issues and to
ensure that data addressing these are collected and made available.
Australian Women into Politics Annual Report (2006-2007)
Since 1992, Women Into Politics has pursued its
principal aim of encouraging an increase in the numbers of women
members of Australian parliaments, including monitoring the numbers
and performance of women parliamentarians and women inministerial
positions. The increase in numbers has slowed, however, and this has
been a cause of frustration to women’s hopes that the influence of
women would become more equal. There is still a long way before
women’s representation will reach 50% among parliamentarians and
cabinet ministers. The number of women on the boards of the top 100
corporations remains abysmally low. Meanwhile, the 2006-2007 year
has seen ongoing decline in standards, as Australian politics grows
unashamedly more ruthless, less reliant on merit or on rational
argument, research and consultation, and more related to
self-interest, caprice and public relations “spin,” as it is now
called, than to intelligent policy development.
Gender Analysis and Assessment, USAID/Cambodia, Volume 1 (2006)
The Gender Analysis and
Assessment developed for USAID/Cambodia draws on two (2) principal
sources of information. It began with a review of documents on
gender issues in Cambodia, from the USAID mission, other donors and
non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and the Government. In
particular, it builds on the 2004 in-depth cross-sector analysis,
A Fair Share for Women: Cambodia Gender Assessment prepared by
UNIFEM with a coalition of donors and the Ministry of Women's
Affairs. The report also draws on insights gleaned by the assessment
team during two weeks of interviews and meetings in Cambodia on
October 2005, with government officials, donors, NGOs, project
implementers and commune councilors.
Country Gender Assessment Republic of the Fiji Islands, Asian
Development Bank (2006)
The Fiji Islands has
made considerable progress in recognizing gender issues in relation
to legal and human rights and gender and development (GAD), as
reflected in legislative and policy progress since ADB published its
Women in Development Country briefing paper in 1988. The Fiji
Islands has made commitments to eight major international agreements
and programs for action on gender equality and the advancement of
women. It has also made commitments to achieving the Millennium
Development Goals (MDGs), including those associated directly or
indirectly with the status of women and gender equality. In 1999 the
government endorsed the national Women’s Plan of Action (WPA)
1999–2008 which has five overall goals for advancing the economic,
legal, and political status of women.
Report: Third
International Conference, Women and Politics in Asia (2005)
The Third (3rd)
International Conference on Women and Politics in Asia was held in
Islamabad, Pakistan on 25th November 2005. The sub-themes discussed
during the two-day conference were: politics of personalities and
dynasties, ethnicity, religious discourse, conflicts and
international covenants, women and politics in Pakistan, quotas in
electoral processes, decentralization and media and push and pull in
politics. Download the report
here
Promoting
Partnership Between Men and Women in Parliament: The Experience of
the Inter Parliamentary Union (2005)
This case study, an excerpt from Women in Parliament: Beyond
Numbers, provides an overview of the experiences of the Inter
Parliamentary Union (IPU) in the field of women's parliamentary
activities. It focuses on the Programme of Partnership between men
and women and emphasizes that cooperation between men and women is
essential in accomplishing change and affecting politics.
Gender Based Analysis Framework (Revised), CARE Bangladesh (2005)
The Gender Based
Analysis Framework (GAF) is an important gender mainstreaming and
programming tool. It enables CARE Bangladesh and partner staff to do
a systematic analysis of gender relations and issues in the
communities in which they work. The GAF sets out the key factors
that need to be considered in programs and projects in order to
achieve CARE Bangladesh's development objectives. It is a tool that
can guide planning, monitoring, review/assessment and evaluation
processes. Its use can help project team plans and implement gender
equitable projects that are based on sound understanding of social
relations, dynamics, roles, position and condition of women and
differential constraints, needs and interests in target communities,
empower women as well as men, reduce gender discrimination and other
rights violation and achieve planned impacts of equal benefit for
women and men.
Enhancing the Role
of Women: UNDP Yemen Electoral Support Programme (2004)
The presentation
focuses on the efforts of UNDP Yemen Electoral Support Programme to
enhance women's political participation in Yemen. It outlines the
programme's strategic areas of support, with a particular focus on
voter education. This was presented at the Global Practice Meeting
on Electoral Systems and Processes in Manila, Philippines, October
of 2004. Download the document
here.
Women and Politics in Japan by Aya Ezawa (2003)
The unit on "Women and
Politics" in Japan aims to show the empirical and theoretical
relevance of the study of Japanese society to course in the social
sciences. In focusing on the political activities and careers of
women and housewives in Japan, the unit explores a topic central to
the study of democracy, women's rights and gender inequality in
contemporary societies. More importantly, this paper discusses the
role of the housewife as a public and potentially political role and
thus offer an opportunity to explore alternative conceptualizations
of women's citizenship, the public/private divide, the scope of
formal and informal politics and the role of the housewife. In
integrating theoretical concerns with empirical case studies, the
paper intends to go beyond comparisons that emphasize cultural
differences and instead illuminate the theoretical challenges posed
by international comparison.
The Key Steps of Gender Analysis of Legislation, Cambodia-Canada
Legislative Support Project (2003)
There are many
approaches to gender analysis of legislation. This guide proposes
five (5) steps that can be followed sequentially: 1) Purpose, Scope,
Operation of the Proposed Law; 2) Measuring the Impact of the
Proposed Law; 3) Specific Law Drafting Questions; 4) Questions re:
administration, costs, regulation and public education; and 5)
Self-Assessment, the last step in your analysis. Gender-based
analysis should be a common thread woven from beginning to end
throughout the entire legislative process and not merely an
additional section.
Women in Politics: Reflections from Malaysia (2002)
This is an English translation of Wan Azizah's case study called "Perempuan
di Parlemen: Bukan Sekedar Jumlah. Numerous challenges confront
women entering politics and among them are lack of party support,
family support and the "masculine model" of political life. Many
feel that the Malaysian society is still male dominated and that men
are threatened by the idea of women holding senior posts. In
the political sphere, this is compounded by the high premium placed
on political power. This makes some men even less willing to share
power with women. Based on the Malaysian experience, this case study
will explore some of the obstacles that hinder the participation of
women in parliament and propose strategies that may be used to
overcome them.
Women
in China (2000)
Chinese women participate equally in the decision-making process,
and the number of female officials in leading bodies at various
levels has been growing gradually. There were 650 women deputies
to the Ninth National People's Congress (NPC) in 1998, which amounts
to 21.8% of the total number of deputies. There were 341 women deputies
to the Ninth Chinese People's Consultative Conference (CPPCC), which
amounts to 15.54% of the total number of deputies. The percentage
increased by 0.78% and 2.02% over those to the Eighth NPC and the
Eighth CPPCC respectively. Currently, there are four female state
leaders, two female ministers and 16 female vice ministers among
the 29 ministries of China. Download
this PDF
document.
Orientations
of women public administrators of Orissa, India (2002)
Late eighty's and early ninety's of last century determined the
entry of women into fields of administration with international
awakenings of women from Fourth International Conference of Women,
Beijing and Reservation for Women in Grassroots Governments of Panchayati
Raj Institutions and Municipal Institutions of India. Orissa administration
issued an order of reservation for women in Orissa Administrative
Services and in admissions into the Engineering Colleges of Orissa
in 1992. This has ushered a situation of entry of women into administration.
Download this PDF
document.
Does
Size Matter? Critical Mass and Women MPs in the New Zealand House
of Representatives (2001)
It is often claimed that women will only impact upon political decisions
once they achieve a critical mass within legislative bodies. This
paper outlines the expectations in existing critical mass literature
and tests these using the New Zealand House of Representatives as
a case study. What the New Zealand case highlighted was the number
of complexities that are ignored in critical mass literature and
the likelihood that different critical masses are necessary dependent
on the outcome sought. Download this PDF
document.nz_wip.pdf
Strengthening
democracy through women's political participation (2000)
We are seeing women who are emerging as builders of democracy. Women
who are registering to vote and who are making their vote count.
Women who are coming to the forefront in countries that do not have
a democratic tradition but are working in that direction. Conditions
for promoting democracy may not be all that comfortable, but women’s
groups are finding that they can become a force for democratic change.
Many times, because they are women’s groups, they can begin by operating
under the radar so to speak, without drawing much attention from
hostile authorities. After a while, their numbers grow and their
influence is clearly seen and heard. Download the document
in Acrobat PDF format.
The
rise of women leaders in the Philippines (2001)
Two women have risen to the presidency
in the Philippines in the last fifteen years. Corazon Aquino, the
first female to ascend to the presidency in the country's history,
was elected after the ouster of Ferdinand Marcos amidst charges
of criminal wrongdoing. Fifteen years later, Vice President Gloria
Macapagal-Arroyo succeeded Joseph Estrada, who had been accused
of corruption and plundering the Philippine economy. Not only is
it rare for a woman to be elected president, but it is also least
expected in countries like the Philippines that have a long history
of patriarchy, oligarchy, and subordination of women. Download the
document
in Acrobat PDF format.
Women
in
local governments in Asia and the Pacific: A comparative analysis
of thirteen countries (2001)
This report, which is prepared for the Asia Pacific Summit of Women
Mayors and Councillors, highlights barriers to women's involvement;
inititiatives that increased women's participation; the transformative
leadership that women provide; and regional and country-level strategies
for increasing women's involvement. Download the document
in Acrobat PDF format.
Young
Women Leaders: A Real Trend or Utopia (2000)
In Malaysia, the role of women is so important because they represent
more than 50 per cent of voters. Although this figure is not necessarily
indicative of women’s participation in politics, it is important
to note that most of the campaigners for the ruling National Front
consists of women, popularly known as Wanita UMNO. But most of these
WANITA UMNO now have to face the challenge from WANITA KEADILAN
and the rest of the Alternative Front, which consists of the main
opposition parties. Download the document
in Acrobat PDF format.
Women,
Bureaucracy and the Governance of Poverty in Southeast Asia: Integrating
Gender and Participatory Governance in Poverty Reduction programs
in the Philippines and Vietnam (1999)
The relationship between gender planning, good governance, and poverty
reduction efforts in Southeast Asian states is explored in this
study, using Vietnam and the Philippines as case studies for the
period 1986 to 1998. Download the document
in Acrobat PDF format.
Special
from the UNESCAP website:
Country
reports on the state of women in urban local governments in Asia
and the Pacific
To download each report, click on the desired country.
DOCUMENTS FROM OUTSIDE ASIA
& PACIFIC
Gender Analysis for
Project Planners, the Interagency Coalition on AIDS and
Development, Canada (2007).
Download the Document.
Gender Statistics: An
Evaluation, Esther Breitenbach (2006).
Download the Document.
An Introduction to
Gender Audit Methodology: Its Design and Implementation in DFID
Malawi, Caroline Moser (2005).
Download the document.
Gender Analysis:
Making Policies, Programs and Services Gender-Aware, Department
for Community Development, Office for Women's Policy (2005).
Download the Document.
An Introduction to
Gender Budget Initiatives, Elaine Zuckerman, President of Gender
Action, Finland (2005).
Download the Document.
Socio-Economic Impacts
of Natural Disasters: A Gender Analysis, Sarah Bradshaw (2004).
Download the Document.
Introduction to Gender
Analysis, Concepts and Steps, Juliet Hunt, Independent Consultant
(2004).
Download the Document.
Guide to Best
Practices in Gender Analysis, Ministry of Community, Aboriginal
and Women's Services, British Columbia (2003).
Download the Document.
Women State Legislators:
Past, Present and Future.
(US, 2001). Download
the document.
Unrealized Opportunity? Term Limits and the Representation of
Women in State Legislatures. (2001).
Download the document.
The Impact of Term Limits on Women. (2001).
Download the document.
Lessons
from the participation of women in politics. (2000). Download
the document.
Women
in the move in politics worldwide. (2000). Download
the document.
Women's
political participation and good governance. (2000).
Download
the document.
Gender Differences in Print Media Coverage of Presidential Candidates:
Elizabeth Dole's Bid for the Republican Nomination. (US, 1999).
Download
the document.
Can
women transform politics: Women's demands for equal representation
as a catalyst of institutional change in Britain and France.
(1997). Download
the document.
Equality Deferred:
Women Candidates for the New Jersey Assembly 1920-1993. (1994).
Download
the document.
Representing Women:
Congresswomen's Perceptions of Their Representational Role. Download
the document.
Legislating by and for Women: A Comparison of the 103rd and 104th
Congresses. Download
the document.
CEDAW COUNTRY REPORTS
New Zealand, Fifth Periodic Report, October 2002
New Zealand, Sixth Periodic Report, May 2006
Australia, Third Periodic Report, September 1995
Australia, Combined Fourth and Fifth Periodic Reports, February
2004
Vanuatu, Combined Initial, Second and Third Periodic Reports,
November 2005
Fiji Islands, Initial Report, March 2000
Samoa, Combined Initial, Second and Third Period Reports, June
2003
Azerbaijan, Initial Report, September 1996
Azerbaijan, Combined Second and Third Periodic Reports, March 2005
Bangladesh, Third and Fourth Periodic Reports, April 1997
Bangladesh, Fifth Periodic Report, January 2003
Bhutan, Combined Initial, Second, Third, Fourth, Fifth and Sixth
Reports, July 2003
Cambodia, Combined Initial, Second and Third Periodic Reports,
February 2004
China, Combined Third and Fourth Periodic Reports, June 1997
China, Combined Fifth and Sixth Periodic Reports, June 2004
Cook Islands, Initial Report, September 2006
Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Initial Report, September
2002
For more reports,
please visit:
http://www.un.org/womenwatch/daw/cedaw/reports.htm
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